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[1] ÇÊÀÚ°¡ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¸¦ °£´ÜÈ÷ ¼³¸íÇϰí, ¹ØÁ٠ģ ºÎºÐÀ» ÇØ¼®ÇϽÿÀ.

    In the great dark between the stars are clouds of gas and dust and organic matter: Dozens of different kinds of organic molecules have been found there by radio telescopes. The abundance of the molecules suggests that the stuff of life is everywhere. Perhaps the origin and evolution of life is, given enough time, a cosmic inevitability. On some of the billions of planets in the Milky Way, galaxy, life may never arise. On others it may arise and die out, or never evolve beyond its simplest forms. And on some small fractions of worlds there may develop intelligences and civilizations more advanced than our own.
    
Occasionally, someone remarks on what a lucky coincidence it is that the Earth is perfectly suitable for life -- moderate temperatures, liquid water, oxygen atmosphere, and so on. But this is, at least in part, a confusion of cause and effect. We earthlings are supremely well adapted to the environment of the Earth because we grew up here. Those earlier forms of life that were not well adapted died. We are descended from the organisms that did well. Organisms that evolve in quite a different world will doubtless sing its praises too.

[¾îÈÖ] *molecule: ºÐÀÚ    *radio telescope: ÀüÆÄ ¸Á¿ø°æ    *stuff: ¹°Áú, ¹°°Ç    *cosmic: ¿ìÁÖÀÇ    *inevitability: ÇÊ¿¬¼º, ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÔ  
*the Milky Way: ÀºÇϼö(=galaxy)    *fraction: ÀϺκÐ, ¼Ò·®    *coincidence: (¿ì¿¬ÀÇ)ÀÏÄ¡    *moderate: ¿ÂÈ­ÇÑ, ¿Â°ÇÇÑ  
*earthling: Áö±¸ÀÎ, Àΰ£(=mortal)    *be descended from: ~ÀÇ ÀÚ¼ÕÀÌ´Ù    *organism: À¯±âü, »ý¹°

    º°µé »çÀÌÀÇ ±¤´ëÇÑ ¾ÏÈæ ¼Ó¿¡´Â °¡½º, ¸ÕÁö ±×¸®°í À¯±â ¹°Áú·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ±¸¸§µéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼ö½Ê°¡Áö ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ À¯±â ºÐÀÚµéÀÌ ÀüÆÄ ¸Á¿ø°æ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±× °÷¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. À¯±â ºÐÀÚµéÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº »ý¸íÀÇ ¹°ÁúµéÀÌ ¾î´À °÷¿¡¼­³ª Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ½Ã»çÇØ ÁØ´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶µµ »ý¸íÀÇ ±â¿ø°ú ÁøÈ­´Â, ÃæºÐÇÑ ½Ã°£À» °í·ÁÇØ º»´Ù¸é, ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ÇÊ¿¬ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀºÇϰ迡 ÀÖ´Â ¼ö½Ê ¾ï °³ÀÇ È¤¼ºµé Áß ¾î¶² °Íµé¿¡´Â »ý¸íü°¡ °áÄÚ ³ªÅ¸³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Ȥ¼ºµé¿¡´Â »ý¸íü°¡ ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù°¡ »ç¶óÁú °ÍÀ̸ç ȤÀº °¡Àå ´Ü¼øÇÑ ÇüÅ ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î´Â °áÄÚ ÁøÈ­ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í º°µé Áß ¾î¶² ÀÛÀº °÷¿¡¼­´Â ¿ì¸® Áö±¸º¸´Ù ´õ¿í Áøº¸µÈ Áö´É°ú ¹®¸íÀÌ ¹ßÀüÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
    ¶§¶§·Î, ¾î¶² »ç¶÷Àº Áö±¸°¡ »ý¸íü¿¡ ¿Ïº®ÇÏ°Ô ÀûÇÕÇÏ´Ù´Â °Í Áï, ¿ÂÈ­ÇÑ ±â¿Â, ¾×ü »óÅÂÀÇ ¹°, »ê¼Ò·Î µÈ ´ë±â µîÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ´ÙÇàÇÑ ¿ì¿¬ÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡Àΰ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¾ð±ÞÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̰ÍÀº, Àû¾îµµ ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î´Â, ¿øÀΰú °á°úÀÇ È¥µ¿ÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸® Áö±¸ÀεéÀº ÀÌ °÷¿¡¼­ ¼ºÀåÇÏ¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Áö±¸ÀÇ È¯°æ¿¡ ¸Å¿ì Àß ÀûÀÀµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Àß ÀûÀÀÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´ø ÀÌÀüÀÇ »ý¸íüµéÀº Á×¾ú´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â Àß ÀûÀÀÇß´ø À¯±âüµéÀÇ ÈļÕÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀüÇô ´Ù¸¥ ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ ÁøÈ­ÇÑ À¯±âüµéµµ ¿ª½Ã ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ±× ¼¼°è¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Äª¼ÛÀ» ³ë·¡ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] Áö±¸ÀÇ È¯°æÀÌ »ý¸íü¿¡ ¿Ïº®ÇÏ°Ô ÀûÇÕÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ »ý¸íü°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, »ý¸íü°¡ »ì´Ù°¡ Áö±¸ÀÇ È¯°æ¿¡
ÀûÀÀÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Í¸¸ »ì¾Æ³²°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

[2] ´ÙÀ½ ±Û¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³­ ÇÊÀÚÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» °£´ÜÈ÷ ¸»Çϰí, Àüü ±ÛÀ» ÇØ¼®ÇØ º¸½Ã¿À.                         top-up.gif    

  It is no use being a writer if one has nothing to do with the world in which one is living. The pen can be used for different purposes: for instance, either in support of prevailing tendencies or in opposition to them. But, to be effective for any purpose in the writer's own day, the written word must rich the minds and touch the feelings of the writer's contemporaries. If a writer cannot do that, he might as well stow his manuscripts away in a safe, in the hope that, someday, there may be a generation for whom his words will come alive.

[¾îÈÖ] *contemporary: µ¿½Ã´ëÀÎ     *manuscript: ¿ø°í     *It is no use + ~ing: ~ÇØµµ ¼Ò¿ëÀÌ ¾ø´Ù     *tendency: °æÇâ

   ÀڱⰡ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â ¼¼°è¿Í ¾Æ¹«·± °ü·ÃÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é ÀÛ°¡°¡ µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¾µ¸ð¾ø´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¹®ÇÊÀº ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î À¯ÇàÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀ» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾µ ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾µ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾î¶² ¸ñÀûÀ» À§Çؼ­µçÁö ÀÛ°¡°¡ »ç´Â ½Ã´ë¿¡¼­ È¿°ú¸¦ °®±â À§Çؼ­´Â, ±ÛÀº Á¤½ÅÀ» dz¿ä·Ó°Ô ÇÏ°í µ¿½Ã´ë »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °¨Á¤¿¡ ¿Í ´ê´Â °ÍÀ̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÛ°¡°¡ ÀÌ ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸é Â÷¶ó¸® ¿ø°í¸¦ ±Ý°í ¼Ó¿¡ ³Ö¾î µÎ°í ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ÀÚ±âÀÇ ¸»ÀÌ »ýµ¿°¨À» °®°Ô µÉ ¼¼´ë°¡ ³ªÅ¸³¯ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â Èñ¸ÁÀ» °®´Â ÆíÀÌ ³´´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] ÀÛ°¡ÀÇ ±ÛÀº ±× ½Ã´ë Á¤½ÅÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

[3] ´ÙÀ½ ±Û¿¡¼­ ÇÊÀÚ°¡ Àλý¿¡¼­ ¹è¿î °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ±³ÈÆÀ» ¸»Çغ¸°í, ¹ØÁ٠ģ ºÎºÐÀ» ÇØ¼®ÇϽÿÀ.      top-up.gif    

   I have had and am still having a happy life. I think it is important to be happy. Life is not worth living when one is unhappy. That I learned long ago. The thing I had to learn was how to be happy. Yes, I had to learn it. It is really quite easy to be unhappy. The small details of daily life going wrong can create such discontent that happiness is impossible. Then come the crashing disasters which overtake all of us sooner or later, and life is unendurable. Worst of all, perhaps, unhappiness may come out of discontent with ourselves, the way we look, our lack of talent, and the environment in which we find ourselves. How, then, shall we escape the inescapable?
   
First let me say that the most important lesson life has taught me is that happiness, or even contentment, has to be planned for and worked for if it is to be achieved. No one on earth or in heaven has promised happiness or even contentment to any of us. We are born without promises.

[¾îÈÖ] *sooner or later: Á¶¸¸°£¿¡    *unendurable: ÂüÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Â    *disaster: Àç¾Ó    *contentment: ¸¸Á·

   ³ª´Â Áö±Ý±îÁö ÇູÇÏ°Ô »ì¾Æ ¿Ô°í Áö±Ýµµ ÇູÇÑ »ýȰÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÇູÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. »ç¶÷ÀÌ ºÒÇàÇÒ ¶§ ÀλýÀº »ì °¡Ä¡°¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ¿À·¡ Àü¿¡ ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ³»°¡ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß¸¸ Çß´ø °ÍÀº Çàº¹ÇØÁö´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ̾ú´Ù. Á¤¸» ³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß¸¸ Çß´Ù. ºÒÇàÇØÁö±â´Â ÂüÀ¸·Î ½¬¿î ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ÀÏ»ó »ýȰÀÇ ÀÚÁú±¸·¹ÇÑ ÀϵéÀÌ À߸øµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ÇູÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÒ Á¤µµÀÇ ºÒ¸¸À» ¸¸µé¾î ³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯´Ù°¡ Á¶¸¸°£ ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ¸¦ ¾ÐµµÇÏ´Â ºÒÇàÀÌ ´ÚÃĿͼ­ ÀλýÀº ÂüÀ» ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ³ª»Û °ÍÀº, ºÒÇàÀº ¿ì¸® Àڽſ¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÒ¸¸, ¿ì¸®°¡ º¸´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ̳ª Àç´ÉÀÇ ºÎÁ·, ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®°¡ Ã³ÇØ Àִ ȯ°æ¿¡¼­ »ý°Ü³¯ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÌ ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÑ °ÍÀ» ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î?
   Ã¹Â°·Î Áö±Ý±îÁö ³»°¡ Àλý¿¡¼­ ¹è¿î °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ±³ÈÆÀº ÇູÀ̳ª ¸¸Á·Á¶Â÷µµ ¿ì¸®°¡ ±×°ÍÀ» ¼ºÃë½ÃŰ·Á¸é °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ì°í ±×°ÍÀ» À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇØ¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» À̾߱â ÇØÁÖ°í ½Í´Ù. Áö»óÀ̳ª õ±¹¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±× ´©±¸µµ ¿ì¸®µé ±× ´©±¸¿¡°Ôµµ ÇູÀ̳ª ¸¸Á·À» ¾à¼ÓÇØÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ ¾à¼ÓÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í ž´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È]
1. Àλý¿¡¼­ ÇູÀ̳ª ¸¸Á·À» ¼ºÃë½ÃŰ·Á¸é ¿ì¸® ½º½º·Î°¡ °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ö¼­ ±×°ÍÀ» À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇØ¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù´Â ±³ÈÆÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö
    ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
2. ÇູÀ̳ª ¸¸Á·Á¶Â÷µµ ¿ì¸®°¡ ±×°ÍÀ» ¼ºÃë½ÃŰ·Á¸é °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ì°í ³ë·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ±³ÈÆÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[4] ÇÊÀÚ°¡ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¸¦ °£´ÜÈ÷ ¼³¸íÇϰí, ¹ØÁ٠ģ ºÎºÐÀ» ÇØ¼®ÇϽÿÀ.                       top-up.gif    

   Performance of one's duty should be independent of public opinion. I have all along held that one is bound to act according to what to one appears to be right even though it may appear wrong to others. And experience has shown that  that is the only correct course. I admit that there is always a possibility of one mistaking right for wrong and vice versa but often one learns to recognize wrong only through unconscious error. On the other hand, if a man fails to follow the light within for fear of public opinion or any other similar reason, he would never be able to know right from wrong and in the end lose all sense of distinction between the two.

[¾îÈÖ] *vice versa: ¿ªÀ¸·Î    *performance: ¼öÇà, ¿Ï¼ö     *be bound to do: ~ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù, ~ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù   
           *distinction: ±¸º°

   Àǹ«¸¦ ÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ Àǰ߰ú´Â º°°³À̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. »ç¶÷Àº ºñ·Ï ´Ù¸¥ À̵鿡°Ô´Â Ʋ¸° °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÏÁö¶óµµ Àڽſ¡°Ô ¿Ç°Ô º¸ÀÌ´Â °Í¿¡ µû¶ó Çàµ¿ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ³ª´Â ´Ã ¹Ï¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ±×°Í¸¸ÀÌ À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¿ÇÀº ±æÀÓÀ» °æÇèÀÌ º¸¿© ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â ¿ÇÀº °ÍÀ» ±×¸¥ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿ÀÀÎÇϰųª ±× ¹Ý´ë°¡ µÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ´Ã ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç¶÷Àº Á¾Á¾ ÀǽÄÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÅëÇØ¼­¸¸ ±×¸©µÈ °ÍÀ» ÀνÄÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÇÑÆí, »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÀǰßÀÌ ¹«¼­¿ö¼­ ¶Ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯¿¡¼­ ³»¸éÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ºû¿¡ µû¸£Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù¸é ±×´Â °áÄÚ ¿ÇÀº °Í°ú ±×¸¥ °ÍÀ» °¡¸®Áö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ°í °á±¹¿¡´Â µÑ »çÀÌÀÇ ±¸º° °¨°¢À» ¸ðµÎ ÀÒÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] 1. Àڽſ¡°Ô ¿Ç°Ô º¸ÀÌ´Â °Í¿¡ µû¶ó Çàµ¿ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
                  2. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³»¸éÀÇ ºûÀ» µû¶ó¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.

[5] ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀ» ÀÐ°í ¹°À½¿¡ ´äÇϽÿÀ.                                            home.gif list.gif            top-up.gif   

  When European theorists speak of equality, they commonly mean equal status or equal wealth. When Americans use the same term, they usually mean a competition in which everyone gets on equal start. Most of the great social reforms of the 1960s were designed to bring the poor and the blacks "into the running" on something approaching the same footing as the more prosperous and better educated majority. Giving everyone the vote, teaching children to read, and getting them all through high school with a real chance of college beyond all represent the kind of equality that has enormous support in the United States. The basic arrangement of economic life has always provided a balance: enough equality to permit new initiative to flourish wherever it might arise and enough inequality to reward it. Nowhere else has the reward been so rich and the distribution so wide.

1. 1960s´ë¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ »çȸ °³ÇõÀº ÁÖ·Î ´©±¸¸¦ À§ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´ÂÁö ¸»ÇØ º¸½Ã¿À.
2. ÆòµîÀ» À§ÇÑ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ »çȸ °³ÇõÀ» µÞ¹ÞħÇÏ´Â ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ 2°¡Áö ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¸»Çغ¸½Ã¿À.

[¾îÈÖ] *theorist: À̷а¡    *running: °æÁÖ(=race)    *footing: ¹ßÆÇ    *prosperous: ¹ø¿µÇÏ´Â, ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ    *get through: ~À»
¸¶Ä¡´Ù, ³¡³»´Ù    *beyond all (things): ¿ì¼± ù°·Î, ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ¸ÕÀú    *arrangement: Á¤µ·, ¸¶·Ã, ¹èÇÕ     *initiative: ½ÃÀÛ,
µ¶Ã¢·Â     *flourish: ¹øÃ¢ÇÏ´Ù, À¶¼ºÇÏ´Ù(=thrive)     *distribution: ºÐ¹è

   À¯·´ÀÇ À̷а¡µéÀÌ Æòµî¿¡ ´ëÇØ À̾߱âÇÒ ¶§´Â º¸Åë ÆòµîÇÑ ½ÅºÐÀ̳ª ÆòµîÇÑ ºÎ¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¿ë¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ´ë°³ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ µ¿µîÇÑ Ãâ¹ß¼±¿¡ ¼­´Â °æÀïÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. 1960³â´ëÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ »çȸ °³ÇõÀº °¡³­ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé°ú ÈæÀεé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý Á»´õ ºÎÀ¯Çϰí ÁÁÀº ±³À°À» ¹ÞÀº ´Ù¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µé°ú °°Àº ¹ßÆÇ¿¡ ±ÙÁ¢µÈ ¾î¶² À§Ä¡¿¡¼­ °æÀï¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï °èȹµÈ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» ÁÖ°í ¾ÆÀ̵鿡°Ô Àб⸦ °¡¸£Ä¡¸ç, ±×µé ¸ðµÎ°¡ °íµî Çб³¸¦ ¸¶Ä¡µµ·Ï ÇÏ°í »ó±Þ Çб³ÀÎ ´ëÇп¡ ÁøÇÐÇÒ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ±âȸ¸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â °Í µîÀº ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­ Å« ÁöÁö¸¦ ¾ò°í ÀÖ´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ ÆòµîÀ» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â °ÍµéÀÌ´Ù. °æÁ¦ »ýȰ¿¡ À־ÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¾È¹è´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±ÕÇüÀ» Á¦°øÇØ ¿Ô´Ù. Áï »õ·Î¿î ½ÃÀÛ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­´Â ¾î´À °÷¿¡¼­ ÀϾ´õ¶óµµ ¹øÃ¢ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃæºÐÇÑ ÆòµîÀ» Çã¶ôÇÏÁö¸¸ ±× º¸»ó¿¡ À־´Â ÃæºÐÇÑ ºÒÆòµîÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¾î´À °÷¿¡¼­µµ ¹Ì±¹Ã³·³ º¸»óÀÌ Ç³¼ºÇÏ°í ºÐ¹è°¡ Æø³ÐÁö´Â ¾Ê´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] 1. °¡³­ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé°ú ÈæÀεéÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  
                  
2. º¸Åë ¼±°Å¿Í ±³À°ÀÇ ±âȸ ±ÕµîÀÔ´Ï´Ù.(¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» ÁÖ°í ±³À° ±âȸ¸¦ ±ÕµîÇÏ°Ô ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â
                      °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.)

[6] ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀ» ÀÐ°í ¹°À½¿¡ ´äÇϽÿÀ.                                                       top-up.gif

   The school has always been the most important means of transferring the wealth of tradition from one generation to the next. This applies today in an even higher degree than in former times, for through modern development of the economic life, the family as bearer of tradition and education has been weakened. The continuance and health of human society is therefore in a still higher degree dependent on the school than formerly.
    Sometimes one sees in the school simply the instrument for transferring a certain maximum quantity of knowledge to the growing generation. But that is not right. Knowledge is dead; the school, however, serves the living. It should develop in the young individuals those qualities and capabilities which are of value for the welfare of the commonwealth. But that does not mean that individuality should be destroyed and the individual become a mere tool of the community, like a bee or an ant. For a community of standardized individuals without personal originality and personal aims would be a poor community without possibilities for development. On the contrary, the aim must be the training of independently acting and thinking individuals, who, however, see in the service of the community their highest life problem.

1. ¿À´Ã³¯ Çб³°¡ ÀüÅëÀ» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ¼ö´ÜÀÌ µÈ ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¼³¸íÇØ º¸½Ã¿À.
2. ÇÊÀÚ´Â ¾î¶² °øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ ¹ßÀü °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾ø´Â °øµ¿Ã¼·Î º¸´ÂÁö ¸»Çغ¸½Ã¿À.

[¾îÈÖ] *bearer: ³ª¸£´Â »ç¶÷, ¿î¹ÝÀÎ    *continuance: Á¸¼Ó, °è¼Ó, ¿µ¼Ó    *health: ¹ø¿µ, Ȱ·Â   
 *serves the living: »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â ÀÚµéÀ» À§ÇØ ºÀ»çÇÏ´Ù    *capability: °¡´É¼º, ¿ª·®    *individuality: °³¼º, °³Ã¼    *standardize:
Ç¥ÁØÈ­ÇÏ´Ù, ±Ô°Ý¿¡ ¸ÂÃß´Ù     *originality: µ¶Ã¢¼º, âÀÇ     *on the contrary: À̿ʹ ¹Ý´ë·Î, ±×·¯±â´Â Ä¿³ç

   Çб³´Â Ç×»ó ÀüÅëÀ̶ó´Â Àç»êÀ» ÇÑ ¼¼´ë¿¡¼­ ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼´ë·Î ÀüÇØ ÁÖ´Â °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ¼ö´ÜÀÌ µÇ¾î¿Ô´Ù. ÀÌ ¸»Àº ÀüÀÇ ¾î´À ¶§º¸´Ùµµ ¿À´Ã³¯ ´õ Àß µé¾î ¸Â´Â´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¿À´Ã³¯ °æÁ¦ »ýȰÀÇ ¹ß´Þ·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ÀüÅë°ú ±³À°À» ³ª¸£´Â ¿î¹ÝÀڷμ­ÀÇ °¡Á¤Àº ¾àÈ­µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î Àΰ£ »çȸÀÇ Á¸¼Ó°ú ¹ø¿µÀº °ú°Åº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ Çб³¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÑ´Ù.
    ¶§¶§·Î »ç¶÷µéÀº Çб³¿¡¼­ ´ÜÁö Àڶ󳪴 ¼¼´ë¿¡°Ô ÃÖ´ë·®ÀÇ Áö½ÄÀ» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¼ö´ÜÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀº ¿ÇÁö ¾Ê´Ù. Áö½ÄÀº Á×Àº °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ Çб³´Â »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚµéÀ» À§ÇØ ºÀ»çÇÑ´Ù. Çб³´Â °³°³ÀÇ ÀþÀºÀ̵鿡°Ô ±¹°¡ ÀüüÀÇ º¹Áö¸¦ À§ÇØ °¡Ä¡ÀÖ´Â ÀÚÁú°ú ¿ª·®À» °è¹ßÇØ Áà¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀº °³¼ºÀÌ ¸»»ìµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÏ°í °³ÀÎÀÌ ¹úÀ̳ª °³¹Ì¿Í °°ÀÌ °øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ ´Ü¼øÇÑ µµ±¸°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¶æÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿Ö³Ä ÇÏ¸é °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ µ¶Ã¢¼º°ú °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ¸ñÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Â ±Ô°ÝÈ­µÈ °³ÀεéÀÇ Áý´ÜÀº ¹ßÀü °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÃʶóÇÑ Áý´ÜÀÏ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. À̿ʹ ¹Ý´ë·Î ±× ¸ñÇ¥´Â µ¶ÀÚÀûÀ¸·Î Ȱµ¿ÇÏ°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °³ÀÎÀ» ¾ç¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×·¯ÇÑ °³ÀÎÀº °øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ À§ÇØ ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â µ¥¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °¡Àå °í°áÇÑ Àλý ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÑ´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] 1. °æÁ¦»ýȰÀÇ ¹ß´Þ·Î ÀüÅë°ú ±³À°À» Àü´ÞÇÏ´ø °¡Á¤ÀÇ ±â´ÉÀÌ ¾àÈ­µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
                  
2. °³ÀÎÀÇ µ¶Ã¢¼º[âÀǼº]°ú °³ÀÎÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥°¡ ¾ø´Â ±Ô°ÝÈ­µÈ °³Àεé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø °øµ¿Ã¼ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

[7]  ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀÇ ¿äÁö¸¦ °£´ÜÈ÷ ¸»ÇØ º¸½Ã¿À.                                                               top-up.gif

   Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed. In other words, we learn our looks ¡ª we are not born with them. A baby has generally unformed facial features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around ¡ª family and friends. This helps explain why the people of some regions of the United States look so much alike. New Englanders or Southerners have certain common facial characteristics that cannot be explained by genetics. The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth, it is learned after. In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after permanent teeth are set. For many, this can be well into adolescence. A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike. We learn our looks from those around us. this is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas. In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where the people smile most frequently. In new England they smile less, and in the western part of New York state still less. Many Southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia. People in densely populated urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than do people in rural areas and small towns.


[¾îÈÖ] *kinesics: ÔÑíÂùÊ(¸öÁþÀ̳ª Ç¥Á¤°ú Àü´ÞÀÇ ¿¬±¸)     *features: ¸ð½À, »ý±è»õ, Ư¡     *genetics: À¯ÀüÇÐ   
*eyebrow: ´«½ç     *densely populated: Àα¸ ¹Ðµµ°¡ ³ôÀº

   ¾Æ¸¶µµ ½Åü µ¿ÀÛ ¿¬±¸ Çй®ÀÎ µ¿ÀÛÇп¡¼­ ³ª¿Â °¡Àå ³î¶ó¿î ÀÌ·ÐÀº ·¹ÀÌ ¹öµåÈÖ½ºÅÚ ±³¼ö°¡ Á¦¾ÈÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ½ÅüÀûÀÎ ¸ð½ÀÀº Á¾Á¾ ¹®È­ÀûÀ¸·Î °èȹµÈ´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¸»·ÎÇÑ´Ù¸é, ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» °¡Áö°í ž´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ½ÀµæÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÆÀÌ´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ó±¼ÀÇ Æ¯Â¡ÀÌ Á¤ÇØÁ® ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ¹öµåÈÖ½ºÅÚ ±³¼ö¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé, ¾ÆÀÌ´Â ÁÖº¯¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µé, Áï °¡Á·°ú Ä£±¸¸¦ º¸¸é¼­ ¾îµð¿¡ ´«½çÀ» À§Ä¡½Ãų±î¸¦ ¹è¿î´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Á¡Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¾î¶² Áö¹æ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ´à¾Æ º¸ÀÌ´Â ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¼³¸íÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ´ºÀ×±Û·£µå »ç¶÷µéÀ̳ª ³²ºÎ »ç¶÷µéÀº À¯ÀüÇÐÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íµÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °øÅëµÈ ¾ó±¼ Ư¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¤È®ÇÑ ÀÔ ¸ð¾çÀº Ãâ»ý½Ã Á¤ÇØÁö´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í, ÈÄ¿¡ ½ÀµæµÈ´Ù. »ç½Ç»ó ¸¶Áö¸· ÀÔ ¸ð¾çÀº ¿µ±¸Ä¡°¡ ³ª¿Â ÈξÀ µÚ¿¡¼­¾ß ºñ·Î¼Ò Çü¼ºµÈ´Ù. ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô À̰ÍÀº ÃæºÐÈ÷ »çÃá±â±îÁö °¡±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¿À·§µ¿¾È ÇØ·ÎÇÑ ºÎºÎ´Â Á¾Á¾ ¾à°£ ´à°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸®µé ÁÖÀ§¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ½ÀµæÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Á¡Àº ¾Æ¸¶µµ ÇÑ ³ª¶ó¿¡¼­ ¾î¶² ÇÑ Áö¿ª »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Áö¿ª »ç¶÷µéº¸´Ù ´õ Àß ¿ô´Â Áö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÑ ¿¹·Î, ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­, ³²ºÎ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °¡Àå Àß ¿ô´Â Áö¹æÀÌ´Ù. ´ºÀ×±Û·£µå ¿¡¼­´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ º°·Î ¿ôÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ´º¿åÁÖ ¼­ºÎ¿¡¼­´Â ´õ ¿ôÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÇÑÆí ¸¹Àº ³²ºÎÀεéÀº ´º¿å°ú °°Àº µµ½ÃµéÀº ¸Åµð½¼°¡ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Á¶Áö¾ÆÁÖ ¾ÆÆ²¶õŸÀÇ ÇÇġƮ¸®°¡ »ç¶÷µéº¸´Ù ´ú ¿ô±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ³ÃÁ¤ÇÏ°í ºÒÄ£ÀýÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. Àα¸ ¹Ðµµ°¡ ³ôÀº µµ½Ã Áö¿ª¿¡ »ç´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ½Ã°ñ°ú ¼Òµµ½Ã¿¡ »ç´Â »ç¶÷µéº¸´Ù °ø°ø¿¬È÷ ¼­·Î¿¡°Ô ¹Ì¼Ò Áþ°í ÀλçÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ´úÇÏ´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] ½ÅüÀûÀÎ ¸ð½ÀÀº Á¾Á¾ ¹®È­ÀûÀ¸·Î °èȹµÇ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (À¯»ç´ä¾È) »ç¶÷µéÀº ÁÖÀ§¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷
                  µé¿¡°Ô¼­ ¾ó±¼ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ½ÀµæÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[8] ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀ» ÀÐ°í ¹°À½¿¡ ´äÇϽÿÀ.                      home.gif list.gif                              top-up.gif

   The Information Age, for all its potential, has brought with it a new kind of problem. Often, the machines that contribute so much to the flood of information do little to help most of us cope with it. They are difficult to use, rigid in their demands, almost arrogant in their inability to work with any but their own kind. They are the muscle-bound tools of specialists.
    In our view, the problem is not that the machines are too powerful for the rest of us. They are not powerful enough.
    This is the paradox of power: the more powerful the machine, the less power it exerts over the person using it. We define a more powerful machine as one that is more capable of bending to the will of humans, rather than having humans bend to its will. The definition is deeply ingrained in AT&T. The telephone is such a powerful device precisely because it demands so little of its user.
    AT&T foresees the day when the Information Age will become universal. People everywhere will participate in a worldwide  Telecommunity. They will be able to handle information in any form ¡ª conversation, data, images, text ¡ª as easily as they now make a phone call.
   That day is coming closer. One example: scientists at AT&T Bell Laboratories are developing "associative" memories for computers, further enabling the machines to work with incomplete, imprecise, or even contradictory information. That's perfectly natural for a human. What makes it a breakthrough is that these computers won't ask you to be anything else.
    Telecommunity is our goal. Technology is our means.
    We are committed to leading the way.
                       *AT&T: American Telephone & Telegraph Company
                       *breakthrough; major achievement

1.  À­±Û¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â 'machines'°¡ ¾öû³­ Á¤º¸ 󸮿¡ ±×´ÙÁö µµ¿òÀÌ µÇÁö ¸øÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯ 4°¡Áö¸¦ ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ¾²½Ã¿À.
2.  À­±Û¿¡¼­ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â 'º¸´Ù °­·ÂÇÑ ±â°è'¶õ ¾î¶² ±â°èÀÎÁö ¿ì¸®¸»·Î °£´ÜÈ÷ ¼³¸íÇϽÿÀ.

[¾îÈÖ] *potential: ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ    *rigid: ¾ö°ÝÇÑ, ±î´Ù·Î¿î    *muscle-bound: ±ÙÀ°ÀÌ »»»»ÇØÁø, À¶Å뼺 ¾ø´Â    *paradox: ¿ª¼³
*bend to ¡­: ¡­¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Ù    *ingrained: »Ñ¸® ±íÀº, öÀúÇÑ    *associative memories: ¿¬°ü ±â¾ï ÀåÄ¡    *contradictory:
¸ð¼øµÈ    *breakthrough: (°úÇÐ, ±â¼ú µîÀÇ) ȹ±âÀû ¹ßÀü    *be committed to ¡­: ¡­¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» °®´Ù, °ü¿©ÇÏ´Ù

  Á¤º¸È­ ½Ã´ë´Â ±× ÀáÀç·Â¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í »õ·Î¿î Á¾·ùÀÇ ¹®Á¦Á¡À» °¡Á®¿Ô´Ù. ¶§¶§·Î ¾öû³­ Á¤º¸¿¡ ¸¹Àº ±â¿©¸¦ ÇÑ ±× ±â°èµéÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ ±× Á¤º¸¿¡ ´ëóÇÏ´Â µ¥ ±×´ÙÁö µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖÁö ¸øÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ±× ±â°è´Â ÀÌ¿ëÇϱⰡ ¾î·Æ°í, ±× ±â°èÀÇ ¿ä±¸´Â ±î´Ù·Ó°í, ±× ±â°è´Â ¿À¸¸ºÒ¼ÕÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ÀڽŰú °°Àº Á¾·ù°¡ ¾Æ´Ï°í¼­´Â ¾î¶² ±â°è¿Íµµ Çù·ÂÇÒ ¼öµµ ¾ø´Ù. ±× ±â°è´Â Àü¹®°¡ÀÇ À¯¿¬¼º ¾ø´Â ¿¬ÀåÀÌ´Ù.
   ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »ý°¢À¸·Î, ¹®Á¦´Â ±× ±â°è°¡ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÈÞ½ÄÀ» À§ÇØ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô °­·ÂÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÃæºÐÈ÷ °­·ÂÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ µ¥ ÀÖ´Ù.
   À̰ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ÈûÀÇ ¿ª¼³ÀÌ´Ù. ±× ±â°è°¡ À§·ÂÀÌ ¸·°­ÇÏ¸é ¸·°­ÇÒ¼ö·Ï ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÈξÀ ´ú ±Ç·ÂÀ» Èֵθ¥´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ´õ¿í °­·ÂÇÑ ±â°è¶õ ±â°èÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿¡ Àΰ£ÀÌ º¹Á¾Çϵµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â ±â°è¶ó±âº¸´Ù´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿¡ ´õ¿í Àß º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â ±â°è¶ó°í Á¤ÀÇÇÑ´Ù. ±× Á¤ÀÇ´Â AT&T(¹Ì±¹ Àü½Å ÀüÈ­ ȸ»ç)ÀÇ »Ñ¸® ±íÀº Á¤½ÅÀÌ´Ù. ÀüÈ­´Â ±× »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô °ÅÀÇ ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ¿ä±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Á¤¸» °­·ÂÇÑ °í¾ÈǰÀÌ´Ù.
   AT&T´Â Á¤º¸È­ ½Ã´ë°¡ ÀϹÝÈ­µÉ ³¯À» ¿¹°ßÇÑ´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ¾îµð¼­³ª Àü¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ÀüÀÚ Á¤º¸ °øµ¿ »çȸ¿¡ Âü°¡ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº Áö±Ý ÀüÈ­¸¦ °Å´Â °Í¸¸Å­À̳ª ½±°Ô ´ëÈ­, ÀÚ·á, ¿µ»ó, ±³Àç µî ¾î¶² ÇüÅÂÀÇ Á¤º¸¶óµµ ó¸®ÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±× ³¯ÀÌ Á¡Á¡ °¡±îÀÌ ´Ù°¡¿À°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇѰ¡Áö ¿¹·Î AT&TÀÇ Bell ½ÇÇè½Ç¿¡¼­ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿ë ¿¬°ü ±â¾ï ÀåÄ¡, Áï ±â°è·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ¿ÏÀüÇÏÁö ¸øÇϰí Á¤¹ÐÇÏÁöµµ ¸øÇÑ, ½ÉÁö¾î´Â ¸ð¼øµÇ´Â Á¤º¸µµ ó¸®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â ÀåÄ¡¸¦ °³¹ßÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Àΰ£¿¡°Ô ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±× ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¹ßÀüÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÄÄÇ»ÅͰ¡ ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¿ä±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
   ÀüÀÚ Á¤º¸ °øµ¿ »çȸ´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥À̸ç, ±â¼úÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¼ö´ÜÀÌ´Ù.
   ¿ì¸®´Â ±× ±æÀ» ¼±µµÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¾à¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] 1. ¨ç »ç¿ë¹ýÀÌ ¾î·Æ´Ù. ¨è ¿ä±¸ »çÇ×ÀÌ ±î´Ù·Ó´Ù. ¨é °°Àº ±âÁ¾³¢¸®¸¸ ȣȯÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ¨ê ¾ÆÁ÷ ¼º´ÉÀÌ ¶³¾îÁø´Ù.
                 
2. Àΰ£À» ±â°èÀÇ ¶æ¿¡ µû¸£°Ô Çϱ⺸´Ù´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ ¶æ¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â ±â°è

[9]   ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀ» ÀÐ°í ¹°À½¿¡ ´äÇϽÿÀ.                                            top-up.gif  

   It was still very much a white man's world. The two rival giants and their creeds were products of European civilization. However, ¨Í both claimed that they treated all nations as free and equal, no matter what their size, wealth or colour might be. This was the attitude of the UN, too, and there would be no support for European nations that tired to hold on their colonies. Meanwhile the demands for independence among colonial peoples were growing more vigorous than they had been in the 1920s and 1930s. So, while the Soviet and American governments fought the Cold War from Berlin to Korea to Cuba, ¨Î other changes were happening in Asia and then in Africa, which might prove just as important for the future.

1. UNÀÌ ½Ä¹ÎÁö¸¦ °è¼Ó º¸À¯ÇÏ·Á´Â À¯·´ ±¹°¡¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ¾²½Ã¿À.
2. ¹ØÁ٠ģ ¨Í´Â ¹«¾ùÀ» °¡¸®Å°´ÂÁö ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ¾²½Ã¿À.
3. ¹ØÁ٠ģ ¨Î´Â ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹«¾ùÀ» ¶æÇÏ´ÂÁö ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ¾²½Ã¿À.

[¾îÈÖ] *creed: ½ÅÁ¶, ½Å³ä, °­·É    *meanwhile: ±×µ¿¾È, ±× »çÀÌ¿¡    *vigorous: ¿ø±â¿Õ¼ºÇÑ, Ȱ¹ßÇÑ

   ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¸¹Àº ºÎºÐÀÌ ¹éÀÎÀÇ ¼¼°è¿´´Ù. Àû´ëÀûÀÎ µÎ °ÅÀΰú ±×µéÀÇ °­·ÉÀº À¯·´ ¹®È­ÀÇ »ê¹°À̾ú´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾çÃø(¹Ì±¹°ú ¼Ò·ÃÀÇ µÎ °­´ë±¹)Àº ÀڽŵéÀº ³ª¶óÀÇ Å©±â, ºÎ ¶Ç´Â ÀÎÁ¾¿¡ °ü°è¾øÀÌ ¸ðµç ³ª¶ó¸¦ °øÆòÇÏ°Ô ´ëÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¶ÇÇÑ À¯¿£ÀÇ ÅµµÀ̱⵵ ÇØ¼­ ½Ä¹ÎÁö¸¦ °è¼Ó º¸À¯ÇÏ·Á´Â À¯·´ ±¹°¡µéÀ» ÁöÁöÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á Çß´Ù. ±×·¯´Â »çÀÌ ½Ä¹ÎÁö ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ µ¶¸³ ¿ä±¸´Â 1920³â´ë¿Í 1930³â´ëº¸´Ù ÈξÀ °­ÇØÁ³´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¼Ò·Ã°ú ¹Ì±¹ Á¤ºÎ°¡ º£¸¦¸°°ú Çѱ¹°ú Äí¹Ù¿¡¼­ ³ÃÀüÀ» Ä¡·ç°í ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ´Ù°¡¿Ã ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ Àǹ̸¦ °®°Ô µÉ ´Ù¸¥ º¯È­°¡ ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿Í ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡¼­ ÀϾ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.

[¿¹½Ã´ä¾È] 1. UNÀº ³ª¶óÀÇ Å©±â, ºÎ, ÀÎÁ¾¿¡ °ü°è ¾øÀÌ ¸ðµç ±¹°¡¸¦ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°í µ¿µîÇÑ Á¸Àç·Î ´Ù·ç·Á Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
                  
2. ¼Ò·Ã°ú ¹Ì±¹         3. ½Ä¹ÎÁö ±¹°¡ÀÇ µ¶¸³