Interesting features of the Korean language
compiled by Derk Boonstra
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FLEXION OF (IR)REGULAR VERBS : 6 SPECIMENS
SCHEME 2: STATIVE VERBS
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Verbs are called irregular if the final consonant of the Base Form is deleted, changed or doubled in some flexion forms.
Four main types of irregular stative verbs can be distinguished.
The red numbers over the columns refer to the red numbers in the main list. The first column verb is regular. Some regular verbs are included in the main list when confusion with similar verbs might arise easily. Bold type words (in vertical order) correspond to the (horizontal) quadruplets of the main list. Blue color means change of stem consonant in hangeul spelling. No asterisk after the column number denotes an active verb. The flexion of such a verb is shown in a different scheme. The scheme below is limited to stative verbs only. The main list together with this scheme is meant only as a memory aid for the student of Korean. More details about verb flexion, e.g. standard vowel changes, can be found in elementary textbooks. |
| [reg*] (regular) (be) chilly | [reg*] (regular) (be) narrow | [1*] (be) different | [2*] (be) long | [3*] (be) hot | [6*] (be) so |
| BASE STEM FORMS | |||||
| 차다 chada | 좁다 jobda | 다르다 dareuda | 길다 gilda | 덥다 deopda | 그렇다 geureota |
| 차겠어요 chagesseoyo | 좁겠어요 jobgesseoyo | 다르겠어요 dareugesseoyo | 길겠어요 gilgesseoyo | 덥겠어요 deopgesseoyo | 그렇겠어요 geureokesseoyo |
| 차고 chago | 좁고 jopgo | 다르고 dareugo | 길고 gilgo | 덥고 deopgo | 그렇고 geureoko |
| 차던 chadeon | 좁던 jobdeon | 다르던 dareudeon | 길던 gildeon | 덥던 deopdeon | 그렇던 geureoteon |
| 차기 chagi | 좁기 jobgi | 다르기 dareugi | 길기 gilgi | 덥기 deopgi | 그렇기 geureoki |
| 차지 않다 chaji anta | 좁지 않다 jobji anta | 다르지 않다 dareuji anta | 길지 않다 gilji anta | 덥지 않다 deopji anta | 그렇지 않다 geureochi anta |
| TENSE STEM FORMS | |||||
| 차요 chayo | 좁아요 jobayo | 달라요 dallayo | 길어요 gireoyo | 더워요 deowoyo | 그래요 geuraeyo |
| 찼어요 chasseoyo | 좁았어요 jobasseoyo | 달았어요 dallasseoyo | 길었어요 gireosseoyo | 더웠어요 deowosseoyo | 그랬어요 geuraesseoyo |
| 차도 chado | 좁아도 jobado | 달라도 dallado | 길어도 gireodo | 더워도 deowodo | 그래도 geuraedo |
| 차야 chaya | 좁아야 jobaya | 달라야 dallaya | 길어야 gireoya | 더워야 deowoya | 그래야 geuraeya |
| 차서 chaseo | 좁아서 jobaseo | 달라서 dallaseo | 길어서 gireoseo | 더워서 deowoseo | 그래서 geuraeseo |
| 차지다 chajida | 좁아지다 jobajida | 달라지다 dallajida | 길어지다 gireojida | 더워지다 deowojida | 그래지다 geuraejida |
| INFINITIVES AND RELATED FORMS | |||||
| 찹니다 chamnida | 좁습니다 jobseumnida | 다릅니다 dareumnida | 깁니다 gimnida | 덥습니다 deopseumnida | 그렇습니다 geureosseumnida |
| 차시다 chasida | 좁으시다 jobeusida | 다르시다 dareusida | 기시다 gisida | 더우시다 deousida | 그러시다 geureosida |
| 차면 chamyeon | 좁으면 jobeumyeon | 다르면 dareumyeon | 길면 gilmyeon | 더우면 deoumyeon | 그러면 geureomyeon |
| PARTICIPLES AND RELATED FORMS | |||||
| 찬 chan | 좁은 jobeun | 다른 dareun | 긴 gin | 더운 deoun | 그런 geureon |
| 찬데 chande | 좁은데 jobeunde | 다른데 dareunde | 긴데 ginde | 더운데 deounde | 그런데 geureonde |
| 찬지 chanji | 좁은지 jobeunji | 다른지 dareunji | 긴지 ginji | 더운지 deounji | 그런지 geureonji |
| 차냐 chanya | 좁으냐 jobeunya | 다르냐 dareunya | 기냐 ginya | 더우냐 deounya | 그러냐 geureonya |
| 차니까 chanikka | 좁으니까 jobeunikka | 다르니까 dareunikka | 기니까 ginikka | 더우니까 deounikka | 그러니까 geureonikka |
| 찰 chal | 좁을 jobeul | 다를 dareul | 길 gil | 더울 deoul | 그럴 geureol |
| 찰까 chalkka | 좁을까 jobeulkka | 다를까 dareulkka | 길까 gilkka | 더울까 deoulkka | 그럴까 geureolkka |
| 찰때 chalttae | 좁을때 jobeulttae | 다를때 dareulttae | 길때 gilttae | 더울때 deoulttae | 그럴때 geureolttae |